International Institutions and Realism - 2398 Words

Becky, Tam Hing Lui Prof. Chan Ding Ding GPEC 5002 Challenges to the Global System: Insecurity of the World 17 November 2012 HOW CAN INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FACILITATE COOPERATION? WHAT WOULD A REALIST SAY ABOUT INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS? Nations call for cooperation especially during and after crisis. One example was the Bretton Wood system created in 1944, with the purpose to revive the global economy after the serious damage in WWII. After the 2008 financial crisis, nations again asked for more international regulations and monitoring on the global financial system and suggested the â€Å"Bretton Wood II†. When we step back and think again, does the international regime facilitate cooperation between nations to solve global†¦show more content†¦The GATT, unlike the IMF and World Bank, was not an independent organization but rather a forum within which countries met. This provides a platform for elites to negotiate and reach agreement and avoid conflicts and adverse competition. With the GATT rounds held between 1947 and 1967, most barriers have been removed and tariffs have been the lowest. With the Bretton Wood framework in place along with the newly established international institutions which pro vide free market, long term capital and stable monetary system, global trade and production exploded during the period. Over the first 25 postwar years, the volume of world trade doubled every 10 years (4). This has been proven as a successful international cooperation in the modern history. (II) World Trade Organization (WTO) Established under the Marrakech Agreement in 1995, the Geneva based WTO replaced GATT as the center of world trade system. Its core principles are to promote market liberalization, non-discrimination and provide legal structure for international trade. Same as GATT, it provides forum for trade negotiations and administers trade agreements. In addition, WTO also supplies mechanism through which governments may resolve trade disputes, review and propagate the national trade policies, provide useful data and information, and to ensure the coherence and transparency of trade policies through surveillance in global economic policy-making. The Decision makingShow MoreRelatedThe United States And China1521 Words   |  7 Pagesmore pressing international events. As China’s rise becomes more apparent, many wonder what effects it will have on the global economy and whether it will lead to conflict between the United States and China. Through the exploration of realism, liberalism, and constructivism the consequences of China’s rise can be understood. Each theory of international relations has a different approach to power, especially when it comes to the shift in the distribution of power. The theory of realism stresses theRead MoreRealism, Liberalism And Constructivism : The Field Of International Relations1379 Words   |  6 PagesIn the field of international relations, there are a multitude of theories or schools of thought. All of these theories have a different perspective on how the world operates and how states interact with each other. The more popular theories are realism, liberalism and constructivism. All three theories recognize that the international system is anarchical; there is no overarching power to govern world affairs. Realism is a view of international politics that emphasizes its competitive and conflictingRead MoreU.s. Foreign Policy Approaches1424 Words   |  6 Pagesapproach is realism. This viewpoint stresses that the principal actors, states, will pursue their own interests in an anarchical world. States will try to establish a balance of power that restrains aggressive states from dominating weaker ones. The second approach is idealism. 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Also, I will identify why realism privilegesRead MoreThe Rise Of Chin Through The Realist Looking Glass1519 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rise of China: Through the Realist Looking Glass The ‘rise of China’ is lauded as the determinative issue for international relations this century with China assuming a more powerful role in the international system. This essay considers the issue of China’s rise and its implications for international security from both an offensive and defensive realist approach. I will show that neither realist approach can adequately explain China’s rise and its implications because it relies on realist optimismRead MoreThree Perspectives On Russia s Intervention1006 Words   |  5 PagesLauren Wells PSC 1003 Midterm October 19, 2015 Three Perspectives on Russia’s Intervention in Syria Much of the international news right now seems to relate to the crisis situation created by the civil war in Syria. 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